About the Journal

Research Integrity Statement

This journal strictly abides by the guidelines of the International Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and is committed to maintaining the integrity and fairness of academic publishing. All manuscripts submitted to this journal must meet the following research integrity requirements:

Originality and Academic Misconduct

The manuscript should be the author's original research results, have not been published in any other journals or platforms in any form, and do not involve any form of academic misconduct, including but not limited to plagiarism, plagiarism, data tampering, falsification or duplicate publication.

Submitted authors must pass the review of academic misconduct detection systems and the duplication rate must not exceed the threshold specified by this journal (usually ≤20%).

Author Contribution and Signature

All signed authors must have made substantial contributions to the research work and agree to the final version of the manuscript.

Improper signature behaviors such as ghost authorship or gift authorship are prohibited.

Data authenticity and reproducibility

Research data must be authentic, complete, and available for review. Authors are encouraged to disclose original data or indicate the location of data archives.

The experimental methods should be described in detail to ensure the reproducibility of the study.

Disclosure of Conflict of Interest

Authors should declare whether there are any financial, institutional or personal conflicts of interest that may affect the results of the study. If there is no conflict, it should also be clearly marked as "no conflict of interest".

Ethical Compliance

The journal does not accept research involving human or animal experiments.

Correction and Retraction

If errors or academic misconduct are found in the published manuscript, the journal will initiate an investigation according to the COPE process and issue a correction statement or retraction notice as appropriate.

Handling of Violations of Scientific Integrity

If academic misconduct is confirmed in the manuscript, the journal will reject or withdraw the manuscript and notify the author's institution and cooperating journals. Those with serious circumstances will be blacklisted and restricted from submitting manuscripts in the future.

Author Responsibility

Submission of the manuscript is deemed to be the author's commitment to abide by this statement.

Journal Name Peer Review Process (Single blind Review)

This journal adopts a single blind peer review system, that is, the reviewers know the identity of the authors, but the authors do not know the identity of the reviewers. The process is as follows: